Name
Main office of KhTZ plant
Years of construction
1931
Architect
Address
275, Moskovs'kij Avenue
Design and construction of a tractor plant in Kharkov.
The crisis in developed countries provides a unique opportunity for developing countries. For the USSR, such a chance was the Great Depression in the USA. Albert Kahn, a famous architect, designer and builder of the "Ford's" factories at this time, remained without work. The Soviet Union invited him to cooperate. In the 1930's he was the plan for industrial modernization of the Soviets. Albert Kahn Inc. in Moscow became the main designer and consultant of the Soviet government for industrial construction. Since April 1929, foreign specialists have already designed and built the Stalingrad Tractor Plant with the use of American technologies, structures and materials. At the end of 1929, the USSR began designing two following companies: Chelyabinsk and Kharkov tractors plants. The design work on KhTZ was distributed between foreign, metropolitan and national design organizations on a parity basis and was conducted in close contact. This became possible due to the accumulated experience of preliminary construction and internship of domestic experts abroad. The development of the preliminary draft master plan and making draft designs of buildings KhTZ was entrusted to UKRDIPROMEZ - the Kharkiv branch of the State Institute for the Design of Metallurgical Plants (December 1929 - February 1930). To accelerate the process, the design materials for the STZ were used as the basis. Drawing of the STZ had to adapt to the conditions in Kharkov. This has led to proposals for amendments to the master plan and drafts of some of the factory buildings. In the process of waiting for a new (final) draft master plan and work drawings of workshops, the project is the mechanical Assembly shop has been completed GLAVPROEKT of the Ukrainian SSR (Kharkov, Ukraine) - the Central administrative board for the designing of buildings and constructions of the Supreme economic Council of the Ukrainian SSR (VSNKh of the Ukrainian SSR), project foundry was made GOSPROEKTSTROI (Moscow) - the State Design and Construction Bureau in Moscow, USSR. Projects of administrative and auxiliary buildings were made in Kharkov by the national specialists of GLAVPROEKT, who had previously had experience in designing in Stalingrad or Detroit. The construction work on the plant was carried out by the All-Ukrainian Construction Society «Building Industry» (INDOBUD) from the involved specialists who have been trained in the construction of the Stalingrad Tractor Plant and foreign engineers, technicians, craftsmen and skilled workers. At KhTZ, foreign specialists took an active part in the organization of works, joint production meetings and technical supervision. Architects and engineers who did the design and working drawings of Gosprom in Kharkov became the basis for the Department of design for the INDOBUD. The plan for the construction and installation of plants, which was compiled by the office of South Traktorobud changed many times for various reasons. During the adjustment plan was developed and introduced new ways of sealing work and maneuver available forces and has changed the technological limits of making concrete. The plant was designed and built in record time - in just 15 months. For the most part, the construction of the KhTZ was completed on July 1, 1931, and on October 1, 1931, the plant began full-scale work. Construction of KhTZ was a real practical academy for the training of domestic technical personnel. By working on other giants of the INDOBUD, they transferred the practical experience of building the KhTZ there. Design and construction of the Kharkiv tractor plant, on the one hand, has become an example of cooperation and collaboration domestic professionals from foreign specialists. On the other hand, it became a model for the formation of regional school of design and construction of industrial enterprises. This ensured the sustainable development of the industrialization of not only the region, but all of our country. Kachemtseva Liubov, Gella Elena
Main office of KhTZ plant / Office / Administrative building of Kharkiv Tractor Plant
Afanasyev Y., Krupko P., Khazanovsky I. / 1931 / 275, Moskovs'kij Avenue
Administrative building /Constructivism, Influence of classical art
Monuments of architecture / Preserved
Romanticism of Industrial Revolution
Influence of classical art
Constructivism
Art Deco
Influence of Ukrainian folk architecture
Influence of European Modern architecture